Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Fagales > Betulaceae > Carpinus > Carpinus betulus
 

Carpinus betulus (European hornbeam)

Synonyms: Carpinus betulus carpinizza; Carpinus betulus cucullata; Carpinus betulus horizontalis; Carpinus betulus incisa; Carpinus betulus obtusifolia; Carpinus betulus pendula; Carpinus betulus provincialis; Carpinus betulus purpurea; Carpinus betulus pyramidalis; Carpinus betulus quercifolia; Carpinus betulus serrata; Carpinus betulus typica; Carpinus betulus variegata; Carpinus carpinizza; Carpinus caucasica; Carpinus compressus; Carpinus intermedia; Carpinus nervata; Carpinus quercifolia; Carpinus sepium; Carpinus ulmifolia; Carpinus ulmoides; Carpinus vulgaris

Wikipedia Abstract

Carpinus betulus (European or common hornbeam) is a hornbeam native to: Western Asia; central, eastern, and southern Europe; including southern England. . It requires a warm climate for good growth, and occurs only at elevations up to 600 metres. It grows in mixed stands with oak, and in some areas beech, and is also a common tree in scree forests.
View Wikipedia Record: Carpinus betulus

Attributes

Height [2]  82 feet (25 m)
Width [2]  65 feet (20 m)
Air Quality Improvement [1]  Low
Allergen Potential [1]  Medium-High
Carbon Capture [1]  Low
Shade Percentage [1]  82 %
Temperature Reduction [1]  Medium
Wind Reduction [1]  Medium-Low
Hardiness Zone Minimum [1]  USDA Zone: 5 Low Temperature: -20 F° (-28.9 C°) → -10 F° (-23.3 C°)
Hardiness Zone Maximum [1]  USDA Zone: 7 Low Temperature: -0 F° (-17.8 C°) → 10 F° (-12.2 C°)
Light Preference [5]  Mostly Shady
Soil Acidity [5]  Moderate Acid
Soil Fertility [5]  Intermediate
Soil Moisture [5]  Moist
Water Use [1]  High
Flower Type [2]  Monoecious
Janka Hardness [3]  1630 lbf (739 kgf) Medium
Leaf Type [2]  Deciduous
Lifespan [4]  Perennial
Pollinators [2]  Wind
Structure [2]  Tree
Usage [2]  Plants can be grown as a medium to tall hedge, they retain their dead leaves throughout the winter if clipped at least once a year in late summer; They should not be clipped in spring since they will bleed profusely; A yellow dye is obtained from the bark; Wood - heavy, close grained, hard, very tough, very durable, not very durable according to another report. Used for flooring, cogs, tools, piano mechanisms etc; A good fuel;
View Plants For A Future Record : Carpinus betulus

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park II 218515 Belarus
Berwyn a Mynyddoedd de Clwyd/ Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains 67265 Wales, United Kingdom
Bialowieza National Park II 11126 Poland
Blean Complex 1286 England, United Kingdom
Braunton Burrows 3328 England, United Kingdom
Buchholz bei Bleiwäsche 786 Germany  
Burnham Beeches 946 England, United Kingdom  
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve 144772 Ukraine  
Dorset Heaths 14161 England, United Kingdom
Essex Estuaries 114016 England, United Kingdom
Exmoor Heaths 26455 England, United Kingdom
Firth of Tay & Eden Estuary 38085 Scotland, United Kingdom
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve 925242 Germany  
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 692723 Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Russia
Krayner Teiche/Lutzketal 1542 Germany  
Lower Derwent Valley 2263 England, United Kingdom
Moor House – Upper Teesdale 95867 England, United Kingdom
Moray Firth 373987 Scotland, United Kingdom  
North York Moors 108930 England, United Kingdom
Palava Protected Landscape Area V   Czech Republic  
Reserve de la Biosphere des Vosges du Nord Biosphere Reserve 301469 France  
Salisbury Plain 52975 England, United Kingdom
South Pennine Moors 160577 England, United Kingdom  
Spreewald Biosphere Reserve 117355 Germany  
Sventajas upes ieleja 1105 Latvia  
The Broads 14554 England, United Kingdom  
The New Forest 72309 England, United Kingdom
Voronezhskiy Biosphere Reserve 95835 Russia  
Zhuvintas Zapovednik 18223 Lithuania  

Predators

Abdera quadrifasciata <Unverified Name>[6]
Acalyptus carpini[6]
Acleris umbrana[6]
Acyrthosiphon malvae agrimoniae[6]
Agrilus angustulus <Unverified Name>[6]
Agrilus viridis <Unverified Name>[6]
Agriopis aurantiaria <Unverified Name>[6]
Agriopis marginaria <Unverified Name>[6]
Agrotera nemoralis[6]
Alebra wahlbergi[6]
Aleimma loeflingiana[6]
Alnetoidia alneti[6]
Alsophila aescularia (March Moth)[6]
Altica oleracea <Unverified Name>[6]
Ampedus rufipennis <Unverified Name>[6]
Amphipyra berbera (Svensson's Copper Underwing)[6]
Amphipyra pyramidea[6]
Apocheima hispidaria[6]
Apoderus coryli[6]
Arboridia ribauti[6]
Asterobemisia avellanae <Unverified Name>[6]
Asthena albulata[6]
Attelabus nitens[6]
Bison bonasus (European bison)[7]
Byctiscus betulae (Hazel Leaf Roller)[6]
Campaea margaritata (Light Emerald Moth)[6]
Capua vulgana[6]
Chloroclysta siterata (Red-green Carpet)[6]
Clepsis consimilana[6]
Coleophora anatipennella[6]
Coleophora binderella[6]
Coleophora currucipennella[6]
Coleophora fuscocuprella[6]
Coleophora milvipennis[6]
Coleophora orbitella[6]
Coleophora serratella (birch casebearer)[6]
Coleophora siccifolia[6]
Coleophora violacea <Unverified Name>[6]
Colocasia coryli (Nut-tree Tussock)[6]
Conistra erythrocephala (Red-headed Chestnut)[6]
Cosmia trapezina (Dun-bar)[6]
Croesus brischkei <Unverified Name>[6]
Dasineura rubsaameni <Unverified Name>[6]
Deporaus betulae[6]
Diarsia brunnea (Purple Clay)[6]
Diaspidiotus alni[8]
Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (European fruit scale)[8]
Diaspidiotus perniciosus (California scale)[8]
Diaspidiotus pyri[8]
Dichomeris ustalella[6]
Diurnea fagella[6]
Edwardsiana flavescens[6]
Edwardsiana hippocastani <Unverified Name>[6]
Endotricha flammealis[6]
Ennomos quercinaria (August Thorn)[6]
Eotetranychus carpini[6]
Epirrita christyi <Unverified Name>[6]
Epirrita dilutata <Unverified Name>[6]
Erannis defoliaria (Mottled Umber Moth)[6]
Eriococcus spurius (European elm scale)[6]
Eriocrania chrysolepidella[6]
Eriophyes macrotrichus <Unverified Name>[6]
Eriophyes tenellus <Unverified Name>[6]
Eulecanium tiliae (nut scale)[6]
Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Brown-tail)[6]
Fagocyba cruenta[6]
Harpyia milhauseri (Tawny Prominent)[6]
Herminia grisealis (Small Fan-foot)[6]
Heterogenea asella <Unverified Name>[6]
Incurvaria pectinea[6]
Jodis lactearia (Little Emerald)[6]
Lamprotettix nitidulus <Unverified Name>[6]
Lepidosaphes conchiformis (fig oystershell scale)[8]
Lindbergina aurovittata[6]
Lochmaea caprea <Unverified Name>[6]
Longitarsus parvulus <Unverified Name>[6]
Luperus flavipes <Unverified Name>[6]
Luperus longicornis <Unverified Name>[6]
Lymantor coryli[6]
Lymantria monacha (Black Arches, Nun Moth)[6]
Noctua fimbriata (Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing)[6]
Ochrosis ventralis <Unverified Name>[6]
Oncopsis carpini[6]
Operophtera brumata (winter moth)[6]
Pamphilius sylvaticus <Unverified Name>[6]
Paradarisa consonaria (Brindled Square Spot)[6]
Parornix carpinella[6]
Parornix fagivora[6]
Phalera bucephala (Buff-tip)[6]
Phenacoccus aceris (apple mealybug)[6]
Phyllonorycter esperella[6]
Phyllonorycter messaniella (Oak leafminer)[6]
Phyllonorycter tenerella[6]
Plagodis pulveraria (Barred Umber Moth)[6]
Pogonocherus hispidulus[6]
Polydrusus pterygomalis <Unverified Name>[6]
Polygonia c-album (Comma Butterfly)[6]
Psallus ambiguus <Unverified Name>[6]
Psallus perrisi <Unverified Name>[6]
Psallus wagneri <Unverified Name>[6]
Ptilinus pectinicornis[6]
Ptilodon capucina (Coxcomb Prominent)[6]
Pulvinaria terrestris[8]
Pulvinaria vitis (cottony vine scale)[8]
Puto pilosellae (hairy mealybug)[8]
Rhynchaenus fagi[6]
Rhyncolus lignarius[6]
Ribautiana tenerrima[6]
Ribautiana ulmi[6]
Saturnia pavonia (Emperor moth)[6]
Scolytus intricatus (Oak Bark Beetle)[6]
Scolytus scolytus[6]
Semioscopis avellanella[6]
Stigmella carpinella <Unverified Name>[6]
Stigmella floslactella <Unverified Name>[6]
Stigmella microtheriella <Unverified Name>[6]
Strophosomus capitatus[6]
Taphrorychus bicolor[6]
Tegonotus depressus <Unverified Name>[6]
Tortricodes alternella[6]
Tortrix viridana (Green tortrix)[6]
Trachodes hispidus[6]
Trachys minutus <Unverified Name>[6]
Trichopteromyia modesta[6]
Tropideres sepicola[6]
Vasates comatus <Unverified Name>[6]
Xanthia aurago (Barred Sallow)[6]
Xestia baja (Dotted Clay)[6]
Xyleborus dispar[6]
Xyleborus saxeseni <Unverified Name>[6]
Xylopriona toxicodendri[6]
Ypsolopha parenthesella <Unverified Name>[6]
Zonocyba bifaciata <Unverified Name>[6]
Zonocyba bifasciata[6]
Zygiobia carpini[6]

Consumers

Mutual 
Amanita rubescens var. rubescens (Blusher)[9]
Cenococcum geophilum[9]
Clavulina coralloides (Crested Coral)[9]
Inocybe maculata (Frosty Fibrecap)[9]
Russula delica (Milk White Brittlegill)[9]
Tuber puberulum[9]

Distribution

Europe to Iran;

External References

USDA Plant Profile

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Govaerts R., 11-Nov-2003, WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1i-Tree Species v. 4.0, developed by the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station and SUNY-ESF using the Horticopia, Inc. plant database. ♦ 2Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons License ♦ 3Wood Janka Hardness Scale/Chart J W Morlan's Unique Wood Gifts ♦ 4PLANTATT - Attributes of British and Irish Plants: Status, Size, Life History, Geography and Habitats, M. O. Hill, C. D. Preston & D. B. Roy, Biological Records Centre, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2004) ♦ 5ECOFACT 2a Technical Annex - Ellenberg’s indicator values for British Plants, M O Hill, J O Mountford, D B Roy & R G H Bunce (1999) ♦ 6Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants ♦ 7Food eaten by the free-living European bison in Białowieża Forest, Zofia GĘBCZYŃSKA, Marek GĘBCZYŃSKI and Ewa MARTYNOWICZ, Acta Theriologica 36 (3-4), 307-313, 1991. ♦ 8Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 9Host preferences and differential contributions of deciduous tree species shape mycorrhizal species richness in a mixed Central European forest, Christa Lang & Jasmin Seven & Andrea Polle, Mycorrhiza, Springer, 14 September 2010
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators. ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility ♦ Natura 2000, UK data: © Crown copyright and database right [2010] All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100017955
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Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access