Animalia > Chordata > Actinopterygii > Salmoniformes > Salmonidae > Salmo > Salmo salar
 

Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon; Salmon; Winnish; Spring salmon; Spring fish; Smolt; Slink; Silver salmon; Sea salmon; Sebago salmon; Salmon peel; Parr; Outside salmon; Ouinanish; Ouananiche; N. Atlantic salmon; Landlocked salmon; Kippered salmon; Kelt; Grilt; Grilse; Grayling; Fiddler; Common Atlantic salmon; Caplin-scull salmon; Breeder; Black salmon; Bay salmon)

Synonyms: Salmo brevipes; Salmo caerulescens; Salmo gloverii; Salmo goedenii; Salmo hamatus; Salmo hardinii; Salmo nobilis; Salmo ocla; Salmo renatus; Salmo rilla; Salmo salar brevipes; Salmo salar europaeus; Salmo salar nobilis; Salmo salar ouananiche; Salmo salar saimensis; Salmo salar sebago; Salmo salar tasmanicus; Salmo salmo; Salmo salmulus; Salmo sebago; Salmo strom; Trutta relicta; Trutta salar; Trutta salar relicta
Language: Catalan; Czech; Danish; Dutch; Estonian; Faroese; Finnish; French; Gaelic, Irish; German; Greek; Icelandic; Inuktitut; Italian; Japanese; Latvian; Lithuanian; Manx; Norwegian; Other; Polish; Portuguese; Prussian, Old; Romanian; Russian; Salish; Serbian; Slovak; Spanish; Swedish; Turkish

Wikipedia Abstract

The Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, is a species of fish in the family Salmonidae, which is found in the northern Atlantic Ocean and in rivers that flow into the north Atlantic and (due to human introduction) the north Pacific. It is also commercially known as bay salmon, black salmon, caplin-scull salmon, fiddler, grilse, grilt, kelt, landlocked salmon, ouananiche, outside salmon, parr, Sebago salmon, silver salmon, slink, smolt, spring salmon or winnish.
View Wikipedia Record: Salmo salar

Invasive Species

Salmo salar ranks among the most popularly cultivated fish in the world. Commercial stocks have inflicted significant impacts of wild populations of wild salmon and other fish by way of competition, hybridization, and spread of disease. Great care should be taken to protect these wild fish populations while cultivating S. salar.
View ISSG Record: Salmo salar

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  56.75 lbs (25.74 kg)
Male Maturity [1]  5 years
Brood Egg Substrate [2]  Lithophils
Brood Guarder [2]  No
Diet [2]  Carnivore (Vertebrates)
Maximum Longevity [1]  13 years
Migration [2]  Diadromous

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Alsteråns vattensystem 5204 Sweden  
Ances purvi un mezi 21676 Latvia  
Bagienna Dolina Drwecy 8318 Poland  
Brommö Skärgård 3111 Sweden  
Byskeälven 41445 Sweden  
Cabo Busto-Luanco 28662 Spain    
Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands 354692 Scotland, United Kingdom
Dartmoor 57244 England, United Kingdom
Desfiladero de la Hermida 15691 Spain    
Djuröarna 5741 Sweden  
Dolina Lupawy 13612 Poland  
Dolina Radwi, Chocieli i Chotli 54021 Poland  
Dolina Slupi 92595 Poland  
Dolina Wieprzy i Studnicy 35457 Poland  
Dolna Odra 72985 Poland  
Dorzecze Parsety 68474 Poland  
Dybowska Dolina Wisly 3440 Poland  
Elbtal zwischen Mühlberg und Greudnitz 12121 Germany  
Elbtal zwischen Schöna und Mühlberg 10658 Germany  
Emåns vattensystem i Kalmar län 3971 Sweden  
Eryri/ Snowdonia 48773 Wales, United Kingdom  
Estuários dos Rios Minho e Coura 8384 Portugal  
Exmoor Heaths 26455 England, United Kingdom
Exmoor and Quantock Oakwoods 4683 England, United Kingdom
Gaujas nacionalais parks 227982 Latvia  
Gewässersystem der Luhe und unteren Neetze 6127 Germany  
Gribskov 15155 Denmark  
Gummandooran saaristo 8140 Finland  
Hammarsjön 4437 Sweden  
Heder og klitter på Skovbjerg Bakkeø 4250 Denmark  
Humber Estuary 90582 England, United Kingdom
Jezioro Bukowo 8063 Poland    
KALDOAIVIN ERÄMAA 868904 Finland  
Kalvö Skärgård 5336 Sweden  
Kevo 176448 Finland  
Klarälven, övre delen 5282 Sweden  
Koiva-Mustjõe luha 7856 Estonia  
Kungsbackafjorden 19430 Sweden  
KÄSIVARREN ERÄMAA 654562 Finland  
Kållands skärgårdar 16051 Sweden  
LEMMENJOEN KANSALLISPUISTO 706697 Finland  
Lahemaa 183898 Estonia  
Lake District High Fells 66717 England, United Kingdom
Lögdeälven 14367 Sweden  
Marismas de Santoña y Noja 16319 Spain    
Millesvik och Lurö skärgård 58966 Sweden  
Moorfoot Hills 21001 Scotland, United Kingdom
Mòine Mhór 2843 Scotland, United Kingdom
Nationalpark Sächsische Schweiz 23127 Germany  
Nieszawska Dolina Wisly 9617 Poland  
Nissum Fjord 27100 Denmark  
Nordre älvs estuarium 17508 Sweden  
North Harris 32450 Scotland, United Kingdom
North Northumberland Dunes 2836 England, United Kingdom  
North Pennine Moors 254789 England, United Kingdom
Ostoja Slowinska 79446 Poland    
Penarronda-Barayo 10544 Spain    
Picos de Europa (Asturias) 61989 Spain    
Piejura 10663 Latvia  
Piteälven 129696 Sweden  
Ponga- Amieva 69442 Spain  
Ponga-Amieva 69437 Spain  
Preseli 6686 Wales, United Kingdom  
Pukaviksbukten 21933 Sweden  
Ribadeo 4733 Spain  
Ringkøbing Fjord og Nymindestrømmen 68409 Denmark  
River Derwent and Bassenthwaite Lake 4529 England, United Kingdom
River Eden 6087 England, United Kingdom  
River Tay 23469 Scotland, United Kingdom
River Usk/ Afon Wysg 2490 Wales, United Kingdom  
River Wye/ Afon Gwy 5523 England/Wales, United Kingdom  
Råneälven 38631 Sweden  
Ría de Ribadesella-Ría de Tinamayor 14302 Spain    
Ría del Eo 4772 Spain    
Salacas ieleja 15585 Latvia  
Schwingetal 4846 Germany  
Simonside Hills 5146 England, United Kingdom  
Skjern Å 6375 Denmark  
Solecka Dolina Wisly 17372 Poland  
South Dartmoor Woods 5330 England, United Kingdom
South Uist Machair 8482 Scotland, United Kingdom
Struuga 4238 Estonia    
Sunart 25320 Scotland, United Kingdom
Sävarån 13921 Sweden  
Torne och Kalix älvsystem 435134 Sweden  
Torneträsk-Soppero fjällurskog 832493 Sweden  
Trzebiatowsko-Kolobrzeski Pas Nadmorski 43166 Poland    
Ujscie Odry i Zalew Szczecinski 130007 Poland  
Ujscie Warty 82280 Poland  
Unterweser 11651 Germany  
Uroczyska Puszczy Drawskiej 183887 Poland  
Uzava 7443 Latvia    
Uzavas lejtece 3543 Latvia  
Vadehavet med Ribe Å, Tved Å og Varde Å vest for Varde 332930 Denmark  
Vindelälven 81850 Sweden  
Värmlandsskärgården 53005 Sweden  
Zatoka Pucka i Pólwysep Helski 66334 Poland    
Ziemelgauja 53743 Latvia  
Åbyälven 17646 Sweden  
Öreälven 12584 Sweden  

Emblem of

Maine

Prey / Diet

Clupea harengus (Yawling)[3]
Gasterosteus aculeatus (Alaskan stickleback)[3]
Sprattus sprattus (Whitebait)[3]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Amblyraja hyperborea (Arctic skate)1
Amblyraja radiata (Starry ray)1
Aythya fuligula (Tufted Duck)1
Bucephala clangula (Common Goldeneye)1
Clangula hyemalis (Oldsquaw)1
Gavia arctica (Black-throated Loon)1
Gavia stellata (Red-throated Loon)1
Lagenorhynchus acutus (Atlantic White-sided Dolphin)1
Lagenorhynchus albirostris (White-beaked Dolphin)1
Lamna nasus (Porbeagle shark)1
Larus canus (Mew Gull)1
Lycodes frigidus (Glacial eelpout)1
Melanitta nigra (Black Scoter)1
Mergus serrator (Red-breasted Merganser)1
Micromesistius poutassou (Poutassou)1
Morus bassanus (Northern Gannet)2
Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (Cutthroat trout)1
Perca fluviatilis (River perch)1
Phoca vitulina (Harbor Seal)1
Phocoena phocoena (Harbor Porpoise)1
Podiceps grisegena (Red-necked Grebe)1
Pollachius pollachius (Pollock)1
Prionace glauca (Tribon blou)1
Ptychocheilus oregonensis (Seatrout)1
Salmo trutta (Brown trout)1
Salvelinus alpinus (Arctic charr)1
Sphyrna zygaena (Smooth hammerhead shark)1
Squalus acanthias (Common spiny)1
Sterna paradisaea (Arctic Tern)1
Trachurus mediterraneus (Mediterranean scad)1
Uria aalge (Common Murre)2

Predators

Illex illecebrosus (northern shortfin squid)[4]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Acanthocephalus tumescens[5]
Anisakis simplex[5]
Apatemon annuligerum <Unverified Name>[5]
Apatemon gracilis[5]
Apophallus brevis[5]
Apophallus imperator <Unverified Name>[5]
Ascaris ecaudata <Unverified Name>[5]
Ascaris farionis <Unverified Name>[5]
Ascaris truttae <Unverified Name>[5]
Azygia longa[5]
Azygia lucii[5]
Bothrimonus sturionis[5]
Bothriocephalus infunibuliformis <Unverified Name>[5]
Brachyphallus crenatus[5]
Bunodera luciopercae[5]
Camallanus lacustris[5]
Camallanus truncatus[5]
Capillaria salvelini <Unverified Name>[5]
Contracaecum osculatum[5]
Corynosoma semerme[5]
Corynosoma strumosum[5]
Crepidostomum cooperi[5]
Crepidostomum farionis[5]
Crepidostomum metoecus[5]
Cryptocotyle lingua[5]
Cucullanus truttae <Unverified Name>[5]
Cyathocephalus truncatus <Unverified Name>[5]
Cystidicola farionis <Unverified Name>[5]
Cystidicoloides ephemeridarum <Unverified Name>[5]
Cystidicoloides tenuissima <Unverified Name>[5]
Dacnitis truttae <Unverified Name>[5]
Derogenes crassus[5]
Derogenes varicus[5]
Desmidocercella numidica <Unverified Name>[5]
Diphyllobothrium dendriticum[5]
Diphyllobothrium ditremum[5]
Diphyllobothrium latum[5]
Diphyllobothrium plerocercoid <Unverified Name>[5]
Diplocotyle olrikii[5]
Diplostomum helveticum[5]
Diplostomum mergi <Unverified Name>[5]
Diplostomum rutili[5]
Diplostomum spathaceum[5]
Diplostomum volvens[5]
Discocotyle sagittata[5]
Echinorhynchus bothniensis <Unverified Name>[5]
Echinorhynchus gadi[5]
Echinorhynchus lateralis[5]
Echinorhynchus salmonis[5]
Echinorhynchus truttae[5]
Eubothrium crassum[5]
Eubothrium salvelini[5]
Grillotia erinaceus[5]
Gyrodactyloides bychowskii[5]
Gyrodactylus arcuatus[5]
Gyrodactylus bychowskyi[5]
Gyrodactylus caledoniensis <Unverified Name>[5]
Gyrodactylus colemanensis[5]
Gyrodactylus derjavini[5]
Gyrodactylus salaris (Salmon Fluke)[5]
Gyrodactylus salmonis[5]
Gyrodactylus teuchis <Unverified Name>[5]
Gyrodactylus truttae <Unverified Name>[5]
Hemiurus appendiculatus[5]
Hemiurus communis[5]
Hemiurus levinseni[5]
Hemiurus luehei[5]
Hepatoxylon trichiuri[5]
Hysterothylacium gadi <Unverified Name>[5]
Ichthyobronema hamulatum <Unverified Name>[5]
Ichthyocotylurus erraticus[5]
Ichthyocotylurus metacercaria <Unverified Name>[5]
Ichthyocotylurus variegatus[5]
Kudoa thyrsites[6]
Laminiscus strelkowi <Unverified Name>[5]
Lampritrema miescheri[5]
Lecithaster confusus[5]
Lecithaster gibbosus[5]
Neoechinorhynchus crassus[5]
Neoechinorhynchus rutili[5]
Neoparamoeba branchiphila <Unverified Name>[6]
Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis <Unverified Name>[6]
Neoparamoeba perurans <Unverified Name>[6]
Paracoenogonimus ovatus <Unverified Name>[5]
Paranisakis parva <Unverified Name>[5]
Philonema agubernaculum <Unverified Name>[5]
Philonema sibirica <Unverified Name>[5]
Phyllodistomum conostomum[5]
Phyllodistomum simile <Unverified Name>[5]
Phyllodistomum umblae <Unverified Name>[5]
Podocotyle angulata[5]
Podocotyle atomon[5]
Polymorphus phippsi[5]
Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli[5]
Pomphorhynchus laevis[5]
Proteocephalus exiguus[5]
Proteocephalus longicollis[5]
Proteocephalus neglectus <Unverified Name>[5]
Proteocephalus pusillus <Unverified Name>[5]
Pseudocapillaria salvelini <Unverified Name>[5]
Pseudoechinorhynchus borealis <Unverified Name>[5]
Pseudoterranova decipiens[5]
Raphidascaris acus <Unverified Name>[5]
Rhabdochona denudata[5]
Rhabdochona oncorhynchi[5]
Scolex pleuronectis <Unverified Name>[5]
Sterliadochona ephemeridarum <Unverified Name>[5]
Tentacularia coryphaenae[5]
Tetraonchus alaskensis[5]
Thynnascaris adunca[5]
Triaenophorus crassus[5]
Triaenophorus nodulosus[5]
Tylodelphys clavata[5]
Udonella caligorum[5]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Aquarium du Quebec
Biodome de Montreal
ECHO Lake Aquarium & Science Center
Natural History Museum of Adirondacks
Universeum Science Center

Range Map

Link to Map
America, North - Inland waters; America, South - Inland waters; Arctic Ocean; Argentina; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean: temperate and arctic zones in northern hemisphere (Ref. 51442). In western Atlantic Ocean distributed in coast drainages from northern Quebec in Canada to Connecticut in USA (Ref. 5723). Landlocked stocks are present in North America (Ref. 1998). Eastern Atlantic Ocean: Atlantic, North, White, Barents and Baltic Sea basins from Minho (Portugual, Spain) to Kara drainages (Kara Sea, Western Siberia). Present in Iceland and in northernmost rivers of Great Britain and Scandinavia. Landlocked populations known from souther Finland, Lakes Vanern (Sweden), Lagoda, Onega, some small lakes in Vyg and Kem drainages, White Sea basin (Russia) and from souther Norway. Main foraging areas along west coast of southern Greenland and north of Faroe Islands, Baltic populations do not leave this sea. Historical records from Duero, Tagus and Guadiana (Portugal, Spain) where now extirpated (Ref. 59043). Introduced to New Zealand, Chile, southern Argentina (Ref. 59043) and Australia (Ref. 6390). Appendix III of the Bern Convention (protected fauna; except at sea).; Atlantic Ocean: temperate and arctic zones in northern hemisphere (Ref. 51442). In western Atlantic Ocean distributed in coast drainages from northern Quebec in Canada and Connecticut in USA (Ref. 5723) to Argentina (Ref. 9086). In eastern Atlantic Ocea; Atlantic Ocean: temperate and arctic zones in northern hemisphere (Ref. 51442). In western Atlantic Ocean distributed in coast drainages from northern Quebec in Canada and Connecticut in USA (Ref. 5723) to Argentina (Ref. 9086). In eastern Atlantic Ocean distributed in drainages from the Baltic states to Portugal (Ref. 51442). Landlocked stocks are present in Russia, Finland, Sweden and Norway (Ref. 6439) and in North America (Ref. 1998). Appendix III of the Bern Convention (protected fauna; except at sea).; Atlantic, Northeast; Atlantic, Northwest; Atlantic, Southwest; Australia; Australian; Baltic Sea; Beaufort Sea; Belgium; Brazil; Canada; Celtic-Biscay Shelf; Channel Islands; Chile; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Dordogne; East Central Australian Shelf; East Greenland Shelf/Sea; Elbe; England and Wales (UK); Estonia; Europe - Inland waters; Faeroe Islands; Falkland Is. (Malvinas); Faroe Plateau; Finland; France; Garonne; Germany, Fed. Rep.; Great Lakes; Greece; Greenland; Gulf of Maine; Humboldt Current; Iberian Coastal; Iceland; Iceland Shelf/Sea; Indonesia; Ireland; Isle of Man; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Kerguelen Islands; Latvia; Lithuania; Loire; Mediterranean Sea; Mediterranean and Black Sea; Nearctic; Neotropical; Netherlands; New Zealand; New Zealand Shelf; Newfoundland-Labrador Shelf; North Sea; Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf; Northern Ireland; Norway; Norwegian Sea; Oceania - Inland waters; Pacific Ocean; Pacific, Southeast; Pacific, Southwest; Palearctic; Patagonian Shelf; Poland; Portugal; Rhine; Russian Federation; Scotian Shelf; Scotland (UK); Slovakia; South Africa; Southwest Chilean Waters; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey; USA (contiguous states); United Kingdom; West Greenland Shelf;

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by , , FishBase in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Grenouillet, G. & Schmidt-Kloiber., A.; 2006; Fish Indicator Database. Euro-limpacs project, Workpackage 7 - Indicators of ecosystem health, Task 4, www.freshwaterecology.info, version 5.0 (accessed on July 3, 2012). ♦ 3Hansson, S., Karlsson, L., Ikonen, E., Christensen, O., Mitans, A., Uzars, D., Petersson, E. and Ragnarsson, B. (2001), "Stomach analyses of Baltic salmon from 1959–1962 and 1994–1997: possible relations between diet and yolk-sac-fry mortality (M74)". Journal of Fish Biology, 58: 1730–1745 ♦ 4CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish and Nautilus) Database ♦ 5Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 6Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19
Invasive Status provided by Global Invasive Species Database Downloaded on 10 May 2011.
Protected Areas provided by Natura 2000, UK data: © Crown copyright and database right [2010] All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100017955 ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Images provided by Google Image Search
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Range map provided by NatureServe. 2010. Digital Distribution Maps of the Freshwater Fishes in the Conterminous United States. Version 3.0. Arlington, VA. U.S.A.
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by International Species Information System - May 2011