Animalia > Arthropoda > Insecta > Lepidoptera > Papilionoidea > Papilionidae > Papilio > Papilio polyxenes
 

Papilio polyxenes (Eastern black swallowtail)

Synonyms: Papilio americus; Papilio mediocauda

Wikipedia Abstract

The (eastern) black swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes), also called the American swallowtail or parsnip swallowtail, is a butterfly found throughout much of North America. It is the state butterfly of Oklahoma. An extremely similar-appearing species, Papilio joanae occurs in the Ozark Mountains region, but it appears to be closely related to Papilio machaon, rather than P. polyxenes.
View Wikipedia Record: Papilio polyxenes

Attributes

Diet [1]  Herbivore

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Calvin College Ecosystem Preserve 90 Michigan, United States
Carlsbad Caverns National Park II 15448 New Mexico, United States
Western Michigan University's Asylum Lake Preserve 274 Michigan, United States

Ecosystems

Emblem of

Oklahoma

Prey / Diet

Asclepias syriaca (broadleaf milkweed)[2]
Cephalanthus tetrandra (Buttonbush)[2]
Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle)[2]
Magnolia acuminata (cucumber-tree)[3]
Magnolia virginiana (sweetbay)[3]
Rudbeckia hirta (Black-eyed Susan)[2]
Trifolium pratense (Red Clover)[2]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Aix sponsa (Wood Duck)1
Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard)1
Apis mellifera (honey bee)3
Archilochus colubris (Ruby-throated Hummingbird)2
Battus philenor (pipevine swallowtail)2
Boloria selene (Silver-bordered fritillary)1
Branta canadensis (Canada Goose)2
Carduelis tristis (American Goldfinch)1
Colias philodice (clouded sulphur)5
Danaus plexippus (Monarch Butterfly)1
Marmota monax (woodchuck)1
Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey)1
Microtus pennsylvanicus (meadow vole)2
Nymphalis antiopa (camberwell beauty)2
Odocoileus virginianus (white-tailed deer)4
Ondatra zibethicus (muskrat)1
Papilio glaucus (Eastern tiger swallowtail)6
Papilio troilus (spicebush swallowtail)1
Pieris napi (Green-veined White Butterfly)1
Pieris rapae (imported cabbageworm)3
Sphecius speciosus (cicada killer)3
Sylvilagus floridanus (Eastern Cottontail)3
Vulpes vulpes (Red Fox)1

Predators

Agelaius phoeniceus (Red-winged Blackbird)[2]
Anax junius (green darner)[2]
Calosoma scrutator (Fiery searcher)[2]
Mephitis mephitis (Striped Skunk)[2]
Misumena vatia (flower spider)[2]
Plestiodon fasciatus (Five-lined Skink)[2]
Tenodera aridifolia (Chinese mantid)[2]

Providers

Mimic of 
Battus philenor (pipevine swallowtail)[2]

Consumers

Pollinator of 
Asclepias syriaca (broadleaf milkweed)[2]
Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle)[2]
Rudbeckia hirta (Black-eyed Susan)[2]
Trifolium pratense (Red Clover)[2]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo
Tropical Butterfly House

Distribution

Belize; ; Western Michigan University’s Asylum Lake;

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Haeuser C., Holstein J. & Steiner A., 12-Sep-2010, GloBIS (GART): Global Butterfly Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org ♦ 2Study of Northern Virginia Ecology ♦ 3HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández
Protected Areas provided by Calvin College Ecosystem Preserve ♦ Carlsbad Caverns National Park ♦ Western Michigan University’s Asylum Lake
Images provided by Google Image Search
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by International Species Information System - May 2011