Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Gaviiformes > Gaviidae > Gavia > Gavia arctica
 

Gavia arctica (Black-throated Loon; Arctic Loon)

Language: French

Wikipedia Abstract

The Black-throated Loon (Gavia arctica) is a migratory aquatic bird found in the northern hemisphere. The species is known as an Arctic Loon in North America and the Black-throated Diver in Eurasia, its current name is a compromise proposed by the International Ornithological Committee.
View Wikipedia Record: Gavia arctica

Infraspecies

Gavia arctica arctica
Gavia arctica viridigularis

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  6.01 lbs (2.72 kg)
Birth Weight [1]  72 grams
Female Maturity [1]  3 years
Male Maturity [1]  3 years
Clutch Size [2]  2
Clutches / Year [1]  2
Incubation [1]  29 days
Maximum Longevity [1]  28 years
Migration [3]  Intercontinental
Speed [4]  43.17 MPH (19.3 m/s)
Wing Span [4]  3.9 feet (1.2 m)

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Map Climate Land
Use
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests Greece, Turkey, Macedonia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub  
Alps conifer and mixed forests Italy, France, Switzerland, Slovenia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests Turkey Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Atlantic mixed forests France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Balkan mixed forests Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Baltic mixed forests Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Bering tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Caledon conifer forests United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Cantabrian mixed forests Spain, Portugal Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests Iran, Azerbaijan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Caspian lowland desert Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands  
Caucasus mixed forests Georgia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Celtic broadleaf forests Ireland, United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests  
Central Asian riparian woodlands Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Central European mixed forests Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Lithuania, Moldovia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Central Korean deciduous forests Republic of Korea, Dem. People's Rep of Korea Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Chukchi Peninsula tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Crimean Submediterranean forest complex Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests China, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
East European forest steppe Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Emin Valley steppe China, Kazakstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
English Lowlands beech forests United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Great Lakes Basin desert steppe Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Hokkaido deciduous forests Japan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Hokkaido montane conifer forests Japan Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Illyrian deciduous forests Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Kamchatka-Kurile taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Kazakh forest steppe Russia, Kazakhstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Kazakh semi-desert Kazakhstan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Kazakh steppe Russia, Kazakhstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Kazakh upland Kazahkstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Khangai Mountains conifer forests Mongolia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Kola Peninsula tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Manchurian mixed forests Republic of Korea, Dem. People's Rep of Korea, China, Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Nihonkai evergreen forests Japan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Nihonkai montane deciduous forests Japan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests  
North Atlantic moist mixed forests Ireland, United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Northeast China Plain deciduous forests China Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Northeast Siberian coastal tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Northeast Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests France, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Pannonian mixed forests Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Pontic steppe Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Rodope montane mixed forests Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sakhalin Island taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Sarmatic mixed forests Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Russia, Sweden Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Sayan Intermontane steppe Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Sayan montane conifer forests Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Scandinavian and Russian taiga Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Scandinavian coastal conifer forests Norway Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands Norway, Sweden, Finland Palearctic Tundra
Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
South Siberian forest steppe Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Southern Korea evergreen forests South Korea Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Taiheiyo evergreen forests Japan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests Japan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Tian Shan foothill arid steppe China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Tian Shan montane conifer forests China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Trans-Baikal conifer forests Russia, Mongolia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Ural montane forests and tundra Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
West Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Western European broadleaf forests Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Western Siberian hemiboreal forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Yamal-Gydan tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Ib 2347132 Alaska, United States
Aleutian Islands Biosphere Reserve 2720489 Alaska, United States    
Archipel de Glénan 145273 France  
Barguzinskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik Ia 924970 Buryatia, Russia
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park II 218515 Belarus
Berezinskiy Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 209113 Belarus  
Borkum-Riffgrund 154559 Germany      
COTE LANGUEDOCIENNE 177605 France  
Cairngorms 142543 Scotland, United Kingdom
Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands 354692 Scotland, United Kingdom
Camargue 546256 France  
Cap Gris-Nez 138933 France    
Channel Islands National Park II 139010 California, United States
Chausey 203679 France  
DOÑANA 281453 Spain  
Darvinsky Zapovednik Ia 278421 Yaroslavl, Vologda, Russia
Delta de l'Ebre 119562 Spain  
Emine 164580 Bulgaria  
Estuaire de la Loire - Baie de Bourgneuf 198183 France  
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary IV 2387149 Florida, United States
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve 925242 Germany  
Frostvikenfjällen 231768 Sweden  
Gitsfjället 99170 Sweden  
KALDOAIVIN ERÄMAA 868904 Finland  
KOILADA KAI EKVOLES SPERCHEIOU - MALIAKOS KOLPOS 117491 Greece  
Katunsky Biosphere Reserve 393162 Altai, Russia
Kevo 176448 Finland  
Khazar Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 658105 Turkmenistan  
Kotlenska Mountain 245286 Bulgaria  
Krkonose National Park V 95995 Czech Republic  
Kronotskiy Biosphere Reserve 361480 Russia  
KÄSIVARREN ERÄMAA 654562 Finland  
LEFKA ORI KAI PARAKTIA ZONI 131864 Greece  
LEMMENJOEN KANSALLISPUISTO 706697 Finland  
LITTORAL SEINO-MARIN 367957 France    
Labanoro giria 131455 Lithuania  
Laguna di Venezia 136417 Italy  
Lake Mead National Recreation Area V 670229 Arizona, Nevada, United States
Lake Torne Area Biosphere Reserve 238457 Sweden  
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve 757114 Russia  
Lawica Slupska 197809 Poland    
MARAIS POITEVIN 168088 France  
Marais Breton, baie de Bourgneuf, île de Noirmoutier et forêt de Monts 137949 France  
Marchesato e Fiume Neto 173480 Italy  
Marsfjället 212792 Sweden  
Merenkurkun saaristo 316695 Finland    
Mor Braz 99524 France    
Moray Firth 373987 Scotland, United Kingdom  
Muddus 124105 Sweden  
Noordzeekustzone 305536 Netherlands    
Okskiy Biosphere Reserve 190748 Russia  
Ouessant-Molène 190983 France  
PERTUIS CHARENTAIS - ROCHEBONNE 2024431 France  
PULJUN ERÄMAA 139246 Finland  
Padjelanta 493958 Sweden  
Pallas-Ounastunturi 146845 Finland  
Pape 127946 Latvia      
Pechoro-Ilychskiy Biosphere Reserve 3098091 Russia  
Pessinki fjällurskog 240249 Sweden  
Polar Bear Provincial Park 5502026 Ontario, Canada
Przybrzezne wody Baltyku 480933 Poland    
Puszcza Kampinoska Biosphere Reserve 188373 Poland  
Puszcza Sandomierska 319052 Poland  
PÖYRISJÄRVEN ERÄMAA 362835 Finland  
Queen Maud Gulf Bird Sanctuary Migratory Bird Sanctuary IV 15335601 Nunavut, Canada
Ramsar-Gebiet S-H Wattenmeer und angrenzende Küstengebiete 1146339 Germany  
Rocky Mountain Biosphere Reserve II 239938 Colorado, United States
Rogen 121145 Sweden  
SPA Pommersche Bucht 495241 Germany    
SPA Östliche Deutsche Bucht 774707 Germany      
Saaristomeri 147873 Finland    
Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve 319164 Germany
Secteur marin de l'île d'Yeu jusqu'au continent 606421 France  
Seevogelschutzgebiet Helgoland 398663 Germany    
Sikhote-Alinskiy Biosphere Reserve 978001 Russia  
Sjaunja 695284 Sweden  
Skäckerfjällen 114283 Sweden  
Sokhondinskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 521363 Chita, Russia
South Pennine Moors 160577 England, United Kingdom  
Spreewald Biosphere Reserve 117355 Germany  
Strandzha 285202 Bulgaria  
Sydlige Nordsø 608611 Denmark      
Sylter Außenriff 1313190 Germany      
Taimyrsky Biosphere Reserve Ia 4403240 Taimyr, Russia
Tammisaaren ja Hangon saariston ja Pohjanpitäjänlahden merensuojelualue 130052 Finland  
Tavvavuoma 133292 Sweden  
Tsentral'no-Sibirskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 2521510 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
UK-PUISTO-SOMPIO-KEMIHAARA 765461 Finland  
Ubsunurskaya Kotlovina (Ubsunur Depression) Zapovednik Ia 798640 Tuva, Russia
Vardo- Laster- och Fjällfjällen 262367 Sweden  
Vasilyovska Mountain 112364 Bulgaria  
Vindelfjällen 1370631 Sweden  
Vättern (östra) 158858 Sweden  
Vålådalen 299933 Sweden  
Waddensea Area Nature Reserve with Management Subsidy IV 600666 Netherlands  
Waddensea of Schleswig-Holstein Biosphere Reserve 724639 Germany
West Estonian Archipelago Biosphere Reserve 3854844 Estonia  
Yancheng Nature Reserve V 711488 China    
Zatoka Pomorska 770666 Poland    
Zatoka Pucka 154269 Poland    

Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

BirdLife Species Factsheet: View Factsheet
Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Map   Climate   Land Use 
Aniva bay Russia (Asian) A1, A4i, A4iii  
Assynt Lochs United Kingdom C6
Berezovye islands of Vyborg Bay Russia (European) A4i, A4iii, B1i
Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands United Kingdom B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C6
Central Polish coastal waters Poland C3, C4  
Eastern German Bight Denmark A4i, A4iii, B1i, C2, C3, C4    
Färnebofjärden Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C6
Forty islands Russia (Asian) A1, A4i, A4iii
Holmöarna archipelago Sweden A4i, A4ii, B1i, B1ii, B2, C2, C3, C6
Hyllekrog-Rødsand and Fehmarn Belt Denmark A4i, A4iii, B1i, B1ii, C2, C3, C4
Inner Galway Bay Ireland B1i, B2, C3, C6
Inverpolly, Loch Urigill and Nearby Lochs United Kingdom C6
Kitka lake Finland B1i, B2, C2, C6
Kukkiajärvi lake Finland B2, C6
Kuloy river Russia (European) A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2
Kunashir island Russia (Asian) A1, A3, A4i, A4ii  
Lake Ånnsjön-Storlien Sweden A1, A3, A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6
Lake Maggiore Italy C6
Lake Pihlajavesi Finland B2, C6
Lewis Peatlands United Kingdom B1i, B2, B3, C3, C6  
Loch Maree and Nearby Lochs and Mountains United Kingdom B2, C6  
Loch Shin and Nearby Lochs United Kingdom A1, B1i, B2, C1, C3, C6
Loch Stack, Loch nam Brac and Nearby Lochs United Kingdom C6
Lover Ob' Russia (Central Asian) A1, A4i, A4iii
Mointeach Scadabhaigh United Kingdom B2, C2, C6
North Sea north of the Wadden Sea Netherlands A4i, A4iii, B1i, C2, C3, C4, C6  
North-east Sakhalin lagoons Russia (Asian) A1, A4i
Northwestern Kattegat Denmark A4i, A4iii, B1i, B1ii, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6  
Outokumpu and Kaavi oligotrophic lakes Finland B2, C6
Pomeranian bay Poland C2, C3, C4  
Russki Zavorot Peninsula and eastern part of Malozemelskaya Tundra Russia (European) A3, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2  
Seskar island Russia (European) A1, A4i, B1i  
South Cornwall Coast United Kingdom A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Tarnan-Riala forest Sweden B2, C6
Tyk and Viakhtu bays Russia (Asian) A1, A4i
Vyborgski Bay Russia (European) A4i, B1i

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website Map
Caucasus Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, Turkey No
Japan Japan No
Mediterranean Basin Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey No
Mountains of Central Asia Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan No

Prey / Diet

Doryteuthis opalescens (california market squid)[5]
Gasterosteus aculeatus (Alaskan stickleback)[6]
Salmo trutta (Brown trout)[6]
Salvelinus alpinus (Arctic charr)[6]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Anoplopoma fimbria (Skil)1
Arctocephalus townsendi (Guadalupe Fur Seal)1
Aythya fuligula (Tufted Duck)1
Brachyramphus marmoratus (Marbled Murrelet)1
Bucephala clangula (Common Goldeneye)1
Callorhinus ursinus (Northern Fur Seal)1
Caulolatilus princeps (Bighead tilefish)1
Cerorhinca monocerata (Rhinoceros Auklet)1
Clangula hyemalis (Oldsquaw)2
Delphinus delphis (Short-beaked Saddleback Dolphin)1
Enhydra lutris (Sea Otter)1
Eopsetta jordani (Petrale sole)1
Gavia stellata (Red-throated Loon)2
Haliaeetus pelagicus (Steller's Sea-Eagle)1
Hippoglossus stenolepis (Pacific halibut)1
Kogia breviceps (Pygmy Sperm Whale)1
Larus californicus (California Gull)1
Larus canus (Mew Gull)3
Larus glaucescens (Glaucous-winged Gull)1
Larus heermanni (Heermann's Gull)1
Lissodelphis borealis (Northern Right Whale Dolphin)1
Melanitta nigra (Black Scoter)1
Mergus serrator (Red-breasted Merganser)2
Mirounga angustirostris (Northern Elephant Seal)1
Ophiodon elongatus (Lingcod)1
Perca fluviatilis (River perch)1
Phalacrocorax penicillatus (Brandt's Cormorant)1
Phoca vitulina (Harbor Seal)1
Phocoena phocoena (Harbor Porpoise)1
Phocoenoides dalli (Dall's Porpoise)1
Podiceps grisegena (Red-necked Grebe)1
Pollachius pollachius (Pollock)1
Prionace glauca (Tribon blou)1
Puffinus creatopus (Pink-footed Shearwater)1
Puffinus griseus (Sooty Shearwater)1
Puffinus tenuirostris (Short-tailed Shearwater)1
Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon)1
Salmo trutta (Brown trout)2
Salvelinus alpinus (Arctic charr)1
Sterna paradisaea (Arctic Tern)2
Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenosed Dolphin)1
Uria aalge (Common Murre)1
Zalophus californianus (California Sealion)1

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Alcataenia micracantha[7]
Amphimerus arcticus <Unverified Name>[7]
Amphimerus speciosus <Unverified Name>[7]
Apophallus muehlingi[7]
Avioserpens mosgovoyi <Unverified Name>[7]
Baruscapillaria carbonis <Unverified Name>[7]
Baruscapillaria mergi <Unverified Name>[7]
Biglandatrium biglandatrium <Unverified Name>[7]
Capillaria mergi <Unverified Name>[7]
Ciureana cryptocotyloides[7]
Confluaria capillaris <Unverified Name>[7]
Contracaecum rudolphii <Unverified Name>[7]
Corynosoma strumosum[7]
Cosmocephalus obvelatus <Unverified Name>[7]
Cryptocotyle concava[7]
Cryptocotyle cryptocotyloides <Unverified Name>[7]
Cryptocotyle lingua[7]
Digramma interrupta <Unverified Name>[7]
Diphyllobothrium dendriticum[7]
Diphyllobothrium ditremum[7]
Diplostomum colymbi <Unverified Name>[7]
Diplostomum gavium <Unverified Name>[7]
Dubininolepis fuhrmanni <Unverified Name>[7]
Dubininolepis rostellata[7]
Dubininolepis swiderskii[7]
Echinochasmus coaxatus <Unverified Name>[7]
Echinochasmus skrjabini <Unverified Name>[7]
Echinochasmus spinulosus <Unverified Name>[7]
Echinoparyphium baculus <Unverified Name>[7]
Erschoviorchis lintoni <Unverified Name>[7]
Euamphimerus sibiricus <Unverified Name>[7]
Eucotyle cohni <Unverified Name>[7]
Eucotyle nephritica <Unverified Name>[7]
Eustrongylides tubifex <Unverified Name>[7]
Hymenolepis swiderskii <Unverified Name>[7]
Ichthyocotylurus erraticus[7]
Ingliseria circohamata <Unverified Name>[7]
Lateriporus skrjabini <Unverified Name>[7]
Levinseniella brachysoma[7]
Ligula colymbi <Unverified Name>[7]
Ligula intestinalis[7]
Mesorchis denticulatus[7]
Mesorchis polycestus <Unverified Name>[7]
Mesorchis reynoldi[7]
Microsomacanthus paracompressa <Unverified Name>[7]
Microsomacanthus paramicrosoma <Unverified Name>[7]
Microsomacanthus simulans <Unverified Name>[7]
Neovalipora parvispinae <Unverified Name>[7]
Paracuaria adunca <Unverified Name>[7]
Paradilepis urceus <Unverified Name>[7]
Polymorphus acutis[7]
Polymorphus gavii[7]
Polymorphus magnus[7]
Polymorphus minutus[7]
Polymorphus obtusus[7]
Polymorphus phippsi[7]
Schistocephalus solidus[7]
Streptocara crassicauda <Unverified Name>[7]
Streptocara recta <Unverified Name>[7]
Tetrabothrius macrocephalus[7]
Tylodelphys glossoides <Unverified Name>[7]
Unciunia ciliata <Unverified Name>[7]

Range Map

Link to Map
North America;

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Peterson A.P., 22-Sep-2011, ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 3Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org ♦ 4Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197 ♦ 5CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish and Nautilus) Database ♦ 6Food web topology and parasites in the pelagic zone of a subarctic lake, Per-Arne Amundsen, Kevin D. Lafferty, Rune Knudsen, Raul Primicerio, Anders Klemetsen and Armand M. Kuris, Journal of Animal Ecology 2009, 78, 563–572 ♦ 7Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 gis.wwfus.org/wildfinder
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators. ♦ Natura 2000, UK data: © Crown copyright and database right [2010] All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100017955 ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Biodiversity Hotspots, Conservation International
Important Bird Areas provided by BirdLife International (2010) Important Bird Areas. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/12/2010
Images provided by Google Image Search
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Range map provided by Ridgely, R. S., T. F. Allnutt, T. Brooks, D. K. McNicol, D. W. Mehlman, B. E. Young, and J. R. Zook. 2007. Digital Distribution Maps of the Birds of the Western Hemisphere, version 3.0. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Data provided by NatureServe in collaboration with Robert Ridgely, James Zook, The Nature Conservancy - Migratory Bird Program, Conservation International - CABS, World Wildlife Fund - US, and Environment Canada - WILDSPACE.
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access