Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Pelecaniformes > Pelecanidae > Pelecanus > Pelecanus philippensis
 

Pelecanus philippensis (Spot-billed Pelican)

Wikipedia Abstract

The Spot-billed Pelican or Grey Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis) is a member of the pelican family. It breeds in southern Asia from southern Pakistan across India east to Indonesia. It is a bird of large inland and coastal waters, especially large lakes. At a distance they are difficult to differentiate from other pelicans in the region although it is smaller but at close range the spots on the upper mandible, the lack of bright colours and the greyer plumage are distinctive.
View Wikipedia Record: Pelecanus philippensis

Attributes

Clutch Size [3]  4
Diet [1]  Carnivore
Incubation [2]  31 days
Water Biome [1]  Lakes and Ponds, Coastal, Brackish Water

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Map Climate Land
Use
Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Central Indochina dry forests Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests Thailand Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Deccan thorn scrub forests India, Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
East Deccan dry-evergreen forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe Mongolia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Hainan Island monsoon rain forests China Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Indochina mangroves Thailand, Cambodia, Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Mangroves
Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests Myanmar Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests China Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Luzon rain forests Philippines Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests Philippines Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Myanmar Coast mangroves India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand Indo-Malayan Mangroves  
North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests  
Red River freshwater swamp forests Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests China, Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Sri Lanka lowland rain forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sumatran freshwater swamp forests Indonesia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sumatran montane rain forests Indonesia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sumatran peat swamp forests Indonesia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sunda Shelf mangroves Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Indo-Malayan Mangroves
Taklimakan desert China Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests Cambodia, Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests Cambodia, Viet Nam Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe China Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests China Palearctic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Bung Boraphet Non-hunting Area No or Non Hunting Area III   Thailand  
Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve 123722 Viet Nam  
Corbett National Park II 141853 Uttaranchal, India
Erawan National Park II 131204 Thailand
Hin Namno National Biodiversity Conservation Area VI 214373 Laos  
Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary IV 699629 Thailand  
Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park II 39512 Thailand
Khao Yai National Park II 542694 Thailand
Laem Talumphuk Non-hunting Area No or Non Hunting Area   Thailand        
Mae Wong National Park II 221459 Thailand
Manas National Park II 135025 Assam, India
Sunderban National Park 261613 India  
Thale Noi Non-hunting Area No or Non Hunting Area III   Thailand  
Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary IV 918234 Thailand  
Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve VI 688326 Cambodia  
Wat Phai Lom - Wat Amphuwararam Non-hunting Area No or Non Hunting Area   Thailand        
Way Kambas National Park II 306926 Sumatra, Indonesia
Yancheng Nature Reserve V 711488 China    

Important Bird Areas

BirdLife Species Factsheet: View Factsheet
Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Map   Climate   Land Use 
Amchang Hills India A1
Ampara Sri Lanka A1, A2, A3
Anaiwilundawa complex Sri Lanka A1, A4i, A4iii
Ang Tropeang Thmor Cambodia A1, A3, A4i, A4iii
Anuradhapura Sri Lanka A1, A2
Ayeyarwaddy River: Myitkyina to Sinbo Section Myanmar A1, A4i, A4iii
Bassac Marsh Cambodia A1, A4i
Basset Marsh Cambodia A1
Bauwwa Beel India A1
Bellanwila-Attidiya Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A4i, A4iii
Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park India A1, A4i
Big Tank (Peria Kanmai) and Sakkarakotai Kanmai India A1, A4iii
Boeung Chhmar / Moat Khla Cambodia A1, A4i, A4iii
Boeung Prek Lapouv Cambodia A1, A3, A4i
Boeung Veal Samnap Cambodia A1
Bordoibam: Bilmukh Bird Sanctuary India A1
Bordoloni: Sampora India A1, A2, A4i
Bumphabum Wildlife Sanctuary Myanmar A1, A3
Bundala complex Sri Lanka A1, A4i, A4iii
Can Gio Vietnam A1
Candaba swamp Philippines A1, A4i, A4iii
Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary Myanmar A1, A2, A3, A4i
Chhnuk Tru Cambodia A1, A4i
Chitragudi and Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4i
Corbett Tiger Reserve India A1
Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary and Godavari estuary India A1, A4iii
D'Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A2, A4i
Dat Mui Vietnam A1, A4i
Dibang Reserve Forest and adjacent areas India A1, A2
Dibru: Saikhowa Complex India A1, A2
Dihaila Jheel and other wetlands India A1, A4i, A4iii
Dipor Beel Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4iii
Dudhwa National Park India A1, A3, A4i
Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary India A1
Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park India A1, A4iii
Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary Myanmar A1, A3
Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary Myanmar A1, A3, A4i
Indawgyi Lake and Indawgyi River Myanmar A1, A4i
Inner Gulf of Thailand Thailand A1, A4i, A4iii
Inner Line, Kathakal and Barak Reserve Forests India A1
Jafna Lagoon Sri Lanka A1, A4i  
Jamjing and Sengajan India A1
Jengdia Beel and Satgaon India A1
Jhanjimukh: Kokilamukh India A1, A4i
Kaliveli Tank and Yeduyanthittu estuary India A1, A4i, A4iii
Kamaing Myanmar A1
Kantale Tank Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Karaivetti Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A4i, A4iii
Karanji Lake India A1, A4i
Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary and Girijapur Barrage India A1
Kaziranga National Park India A1, A2, A4i, A4iii
Keoladeo National Park and Ajan Bande India A1, A4iii
Kien Luong Vietnam A1, A3, A4i
Kokkare Bellur India A1, A4i
Kole Wetland India A1, A4i, A4iii
Kolleru Lake Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A4i, A4iii
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and Koshi Barrage Nepal A1, A4i, A4iii
Krishnarajasagar Reservoir India A1, A4i, A4iii
Kuarbari_Dalani India A1
Kukkarahalli Tank India A1, A3
Kullur Sandai Reservoir India A1
Kunthangulam Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4i
Kunthur: Kallur Lakes India A1, A4i, A4iii
Lake Lanao Philippines A1, A4iii
Liguasan marsh Philippines A1, A4iii
Lingambudhi Lake and environs India A1, A4i, A4iii
Loktak Lake and Keibul Lamjao National Park India A1, A4iii
Lower Central Plain Thailand A1, A4i, A4iii
Lower Stung Sen Cambodia A1, A4i
Madura Oya Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Majuli India A1, A2, A4iii
Manas National Park India A1, A2
Mangal Jodi India A1, A4i, A4iii
Marine National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A4iii
Minneriya / Girithale / Kaudulla Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary Philippines A1, A2
Moyingyi Bird Sanctuary Myanmar A1, A4i, A4iii
Nalabana Bird Sanctuary (Chilika Lake) India A1, A4i, A4iii
Narasambudhi Lake India A1, A4i
Nellapattu Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4i
Nghia Hung Vietnam A1, A4i, A4iii
North-central Selangor coast Malaysia A1, A4i
Okhla Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4iii
Orang National Park India A1, A4ii
Pabho Reserve Forest India A1, A2
Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A2, A4iii
Padaviya Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary India A1, A2, A4iii
Pimburettewa Tank Sri Lanka A1, A4i
Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A4i, A4iii
Polonnaruwa Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Preah Net Preah / Kra Lanh / Pourk Cambodia A1, A3, A4i
Prek Taek Sap Cambodia A1
Prek Toal Cambodia A1, A3, A4i, A4iii
Pulicat Lake Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A4iii
Rugam Tank Sri Lanka A1, A2, A4i
Sembilang Indonesia A1, A4i, A4iii
Senanayake Samudraya / Nilgala Sri Lanka A1, A2, A3, A4i
Sigiriya Sri Lanka A1, A2
Son Beel India A1
Stung / Chi Kreng / Kampong Svay Cambodia A1, A3
Stung Kampong Smach Cambodia A1
Stung Sen / Santuk / Baray Cambodia A1, A3, A4i
Suchindram Therur, Vembanoor India A1, A4i
Sulekere Lake India A1, A4i, A4iii
Sultanpur National Park India A1, A4i, A4iii
Sunderbans (East, South, West Wildlife Sanctuaries) Bangladesh A1, A4iii
Telineelapuram India A1
U Minh Thuong Vietnam A1, A3, A4i
Udaipur Lakes Complex India A1, A4i
Udawalawa Sri Lanka A1, A2, A3, A4i
Uppalapadu India A1, A4i, A4iii
Upper Moguang Chaung basin Myanmar A1
Uyu River Myanmar A1
Vaduvoor Lake Bird Sanctuary India A1
Vandivoorand Kunnathur Tanks (Madurai) India A1
Veal Srongae Cambodia A1, A3, A4i
Vedanthangal and Karikili Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4iii
Veeranam Lake India A1, A4i, A4iii
Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary India A1, A4i
Watrap Periakulam and Virakasamuthrakulam India A1, A4i, A4iii
Way Kambas Indonesia A1, A3
Wellington Reservoir India A1, A4iii
Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary India A1, A3, A4i, A4iii
Xuan Thuy Vietnam A1, A3, A4i, A4iii
Yala Sri Lanka A1, A2, A3, A4i

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website Map
Himalaya Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan No
Indo-Burma Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Viet Nam No
Sundaland Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand No
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka India, Sri Lanka No

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Hymenolepis medici <Unverified Name>[4]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Bannerghatta Biological Park
Chiangmai Zoological Garden
Dept. of National Zoological Gardens
Jurong Birdpark, Singapore
Khao Kheow Open Zoo
Nakhon Ratchasima Zool. Park
Singapore Zoological Gardens
Zoo Dvur Kralove, a.s.
Zoologicka Garden & Chateau Zlin-Lesna

Distribution

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Peterson A.P., 22-Sep-2011, ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org ♦ 2Breeding biology of the Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis) in Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India, V. Gokula, Chinese Birds 2011, 2(2):101–108 ♦ 3Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 4Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 gis.wwfus.org/wildfinder
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators.
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Biodiversity Hotspots, Conservation International
Important Bird Areas provided by BirdLife International (2010) Important Bird Areas. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/12/2010
Images provided by Google Image Search
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by International Species Information System - May 2011