Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Artiodactyla > Cervidae > Rangifer > Rangifer tarandus | Rangifer tarandus (caribou; reindeer) | |
Language: French Rangifer tarandus is a scientific name for a mammal which may refer to;Caribou, the name used in North AmericaReindeer, the name used in Europe__DISAMBIG__ |
Introduced intentionally to the subantarctic islands of Kerguelen and South Georgia, populations of Rangifer tarandus (reindeer) have had a significant impact on native vegetation of the islands due to grazing and trampling. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 11.66 EDGE Score: 2.54 |
Adult Weight [1] | 223.22 lbs (101.25 kg) | Birth Weight [1] | 14.33 lbs (6.50 kg) |  | Female Maturity [1] | 1 year 9 months | Male Maturity [1] | 1 year 10 months |  | Diet [2] | Herbivore | Diet - Plants [2] | 100 % | Forages - Ground [2] | 100 % |  | Gestation [1] | 7 months 18 days | Litter Size [1] | 1 | Litters / Year [1] | 1 | Maximum Longevity [1] | 22 years | Migration [3] | Intracontinental | Speed [4] | 32.01 MPH (14.31 m/s) | Weaning [1] | 4 months |
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Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Alaska Peninsula montane taiga |
United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
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|
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Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra |
United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
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|
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Alberta Mountain forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
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|
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Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
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|
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Altai montane forest and forest steppe |
China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
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Arctic coastal tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
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Arctic foothills tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
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Baffin coastal tundra |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
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|
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Bering tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Beringia lowland tundra |
United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Beringia upland tundra |
United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
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|
|
Brooks-British Range tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Canadian Aspen forests and parklands |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Cascade Mountains leeward forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
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Central British Columbia Mountain forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central Canadian Shield forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Chukchi Peninsula tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Cook Inlet taiga |
United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests |
China, Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Davis Highlands tundra |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
East Siberian taiga |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Canadian forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Canadian Shield taiga |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Fraser Plateau and Basin complex |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Great Lakes Basin desert steppe |
Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
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|
|
Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
High Arctic tundra |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra |
Greenland |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra |
Greenland |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
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Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
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|
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Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Kamchatka-Kurile taiga |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Kazakh forest steppe |
Russia, Kazakhstan |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
|
Kazakh steppe |
Russia, Kazakhstan |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Khangai Mountains conifer forests |
Mongolia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Low Arctic tundra |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Mid-Continental Canadian forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Middle Arctic tundra |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Midwestern Canadian Shield forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Muskwa-Slave Lake forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Newfoundland Highland forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
North Central Rockies forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northeast Siberian coastal tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Northeast Siberian taiga |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Northern Canadian Shield taiga |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Northern Cordillera forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Northern transitional alpine forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
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|
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Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
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|
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Northwest Territories taiga |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
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|
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Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
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Okanagan dry forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Palouse grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sakhalin Island taiga |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra |
Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sayan Intermontane steppe |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
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Sayan montane conifer forests |
Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Scandinavian and Russian taiga |
Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
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Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe |
Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
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South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
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South Siberian forest steppe |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Southern Hudson Bay taiga |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
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Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
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Torngat Mountain tundra |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
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Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
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Trans-Baikal conifer forests |
Russia, Mongolia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
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Ural montane forests and tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
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Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
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West Siberian taiga |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
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Western Siberian hemiboreal forests |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
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Yamal-Gydan tundra |
Russia |
Palearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Yukon Interior dry forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
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Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Aleutian Islands Biosphere Reserve |
|
2720489 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge |
Ib |
12402936 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Aulavik National Park |
II |
3021211 |
Northwest Territories, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Auyuittuq National Park |
II |
4808115 |
Nunavut, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Baikalo-Lensky Zapovednik |
Ia |
1630896 |
Irkutsk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Baikalskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik |
Ia |
458883 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Banff National Park |
II |
1690912 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Barguzinskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik |
Ia |
924970 |
Buryatia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Bonanza Creek LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
|
|
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Denali Biosphere Reserve |
|
1932364 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gates of the Arctic National Park |
Ib |
184461 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Glacier National Park |
II |
953799 |
Montana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Arctic State Nature Preserve |
|
10302372 |
Taimyr, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Gros Morne National Park |
II |
476632 |
Newfoundland, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve |
II |
366714 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Ivvavik National Park |
II |
2382752 |
Yukon, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Jasper National Park |
II |
2776809 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Kalevala National Park |
|
183706 |
Karelia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Katmai National Park and Preserve |
Ib |
421782 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Kluane National Park and Reserve National Park Reserve |
II |
5463436 |
Yukon, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Kostomukshsky Zapovednik |
Ia |
117269 |
Karelia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kronotskiy Biosphere Reserve |
|
361480 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kuznetsk Alatau State Nature Reserve |
|
1020298 |
Kemerovo, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Lake Superior Provincial Park |
IV |
351011 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Lake Torne Area Biosphere Reserve |
|
238457 |
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve |
|
757114 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Magadansky Zapovednik |
|
2332834 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Mount Revelstoke National Park |
Ia |
18 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Nahanni National Park Reserve |
II |
1309627 |
Northwest Territories, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Noatak Biosphere Reserve |
|
7500143 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Ostrov Vrangelya (Wrangel Island) Zapovednik Nature Monument |
III |
180 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Paanajärvi National Park |
|
258158 |
Karelia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Pechoro-Ilychskiy Biosphere Reserve |
|
3098091 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Polar Bear Provincial Park |
|
5502026 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Prince Albert National Park |
II |
976762 |
Saskatchewan, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Pukaskwa National Park |
II |
459860 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Queen Maud Gulf Bird Sanctuary Migratory Bird Sanctuary |
IV |
15335601 |
Nunavut, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Quttinirpaaq (Ellesmere Island) National Park Reserve |
II |
9436606 |
Nunavut, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Reserve de la Biosphere de Charlevoix Biosphere Reserve |
|
1383790 |
Canada |
|
|
|
|
Sayano-Shushenskiy Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
964620 |
Krasnoyarsk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Sirmilik National Park |
II |
5475284 |
Canada |
|
|
|
|
Taimyrsky Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
4403240 |
Taimyr, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Tsentral'no-Sibirskiy Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
2521510 |
Krasnoyarsk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Tuktut Nogait National Park |
II |
5761538 |
Northwest Territories, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Tunkinsky National Park |
|
2924892 |
Buryatia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Ubsunurskaya Kotlovina (Ubsunur Depression) Zapovednik |
Ia |
798640 |
Tuva, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Ukkusiksalik National Park |
II |
|
Nunavut, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Vuntut National Park |
II |
1076795 |
Yukon, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Walker Bay Field Station |
|
|
Nunavut, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Wapusk National Park |
II |
2614324 |
Manitoba, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Winisk River Provincial Park |
II |
434735 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Wood Buffalo National Park |
II |
11038545 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Woodland Caribou Provincial Wilderness Park Provincial Park |
II |
1072124 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve |
Ib |
2476446 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yoho National Park |
II |
317576 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Institutions (Zoos, etc.) | Maps Azas Zapovednik; Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China); North America; Southern Asia; Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 3Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 4Wikipedia licensed under a Creative Commons License♦ 5Making The Forest And Tundra Wildlife Connection♦ 6Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 7Exploring the Denali Food Web, ParkWise, National Park Service ♦ 8Golden Eagles on the Swedish mountain tundra diet and breeding success in relation to prey fluctuations, Jesper Nyström, Johan Ekenstedt, Anders Angerbjörn, Linda Thulin, Peter Hellström & Love Dalén, Ornis Fennica 83:145152. 2006 ♦ 9Cuon alpinus, James A. Cohen, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 100, pp. 1-3 (1978) ♦ 10Predatorprey relationships: arctic foxes and lemmings, Anders Angerbjorn, Magnus Tannerfeldt and Sam Erlinge, Journal of Animal Ecology, Volume 68, Issue 1, Pages 34-49 ♦ 11Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 12Nunn, C. L., and S. Altizer. 2005. The Global Mammal Parasite Database: An Online Resource for Infectious Disease Records in Wild Primates. Evolutionary Anthroplogy 14:1-2. Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 WWF WildFINDER |
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