Plantae > Tracheophyta > Liliopsida > Poales > Poaceae > Arrhenatherum > Arrhenatherum elatius
 

Arrhenatherum elatius (tall oatgrass)

Synonyms: Arrhenatherum almijarense; Arrhenatherum americanum; Arrhenatherum asperum; Arrhenatherum avenaceum; Arrhenatherum avenaceum bulbosum; Arrhenatherum avenaceum nodosum; Arrhenatherum avenaceum precatorium; Arrhenatherum avenaceum submuticum; Arrhenatherum baeticum; Arrhenatherum biaristatum; Arrhenatherum bulbosum; Arrhenatherum bulbosum variegatum; Arrhenatherum cechicum; Arrhenatherum elatius baeticum; Arrhenatherum elatius biaristatum; Arrhenatherum elatius biflorum; Arrhenatherum elatius braun-blanquetii; Arrhenatherum elatius breviaristatum; Arrhenatherum elatius nebrodense; Arrhenatherum elatius nodosum; Arrhenatherum elatius pauciflorum; Arrhenatherum elatius petermannii; Arrhenatherum elatius precatorium; Arrhenatherum elatius striatum; Arrhenatherum elatius subhirsutum; Arrhenatherum elatius submuticum; Arrhenatherum elatius tuberosum; Arrhenatherum elatius versicolor; Arrhenatherum elatius zapaloxiczii; Arrhenatherum exserens; Arrhenatherum murcicum; Arrhenatherum nebrodense; Arrhenatherum precatorium; Arrhenatherum rivulare; Arrhenatherum rupestre; Arrhenatherum sardoum; Arrhenatherum tuberosum; Arrhenatherum tuberosum baeticum; Arrhenatherum zavadilianum; Avena avenaceum; Avena bulbosa; Avena elata; Avena elatior; Avena elatior bulbosa; Avena elatior sardoa; Avena elatior subhirsuta; Avena elatior tuberosa; Avena hispanica; Avena nodosa; Avena precatoria; Avena tuberosa; Avenastrum elatius; Holcus avenaceus; Holcus avenaceus bulbosus; Holcus bulbosus; Holcus elatior; Hordeum avenaceum

Infraspecies

Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. bulbosum (Attributes)
Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. sardoum

Attributes

Height [3]  4.9 feet (1.5 m)
Allergen Potential [1]  Medium-Low
Screening - Summer [2]  Moderate
Screening - Winter [2]  Porous
Hardiness Zone Minimum [2]  USDA Zone: 3 Low Temperature: -40 F° (-40 C°) → -30 F° (-34.4 C°)
Light Preference [4]  Mostly Sunny
Soil Acidity [4]  Neutral
Soil Fertility [4]  Rich
Soil Moisture [4]  Moist
Water Use [2]  Moderate
Flower Color [2]  Yellow
Foliage Color [2]  Green
Fruit Color [2]  Brown
Bloom Period [2]  Early Summer
Drought Tolerance [2]  Medium
Fire Tolerance [2]  High
Frost Free Days [2]  90 days
Fruit/Seed Abundance [2]  High
Fruit/Seed Begin [2]  Spring
Fruit/Seed End [2]  Summer
Growth Form [2]  Bunch
Growth Period [2]  Spring
Growth Rate [2]  Moderate
Leaf Type [2]  Deciduous
Lifespan [3]  Perennial
Propagation [2]  Seed
Regrowth Rate [2]  Moderate
Root Depth [2]  14 inches (36 cm)
Seed Spread Rate [2]  Moderate
Seed Vigor [2]  High
Seeds Per [2]  189120 / lb (416938 / kg)
Shape/Orientation [2]  Erect
Structure [5]  Grass
Vegetative Spread Rate [2]  None

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Acadia National Park II 35996 Maine, United States
Allegheny Portage Railroad Nat'l Hist. Site National Historic Site III 1152 Pennsylvania, United States
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park II 218515 Belarus
Ben Nevis 23023 Scotland, United Kingdom
Berchtesgaden Alps National Park II 51433 Germany
Berwyn a Mynyddoedd de Clwyd/ Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains 67265 Wales, United Kingdom
Bialowieza National Park II 11126 Poland
Borders Woods 132 Scotland, United Kingdom
Bruce Peninsula National Park II   Ontario, Canada
Cairnsmore of Fleet, Silver Flowe, and Merrick Kells Biosphere Reserve 8794 Scotland, United Kingdom
Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands 354692 Scotland, United Kingdom
Carmarthen Bay and Estuaries/ Bae Caerfyrddin ac Aberoedd 163340 Wales, United Kingdom
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve 144772 Ukraine  
Craven Limestone Complex 13166 England, United Kingdom
Dornoch Firth and Morrich More 21499 Scotland, United Kingdom
Dorset Heaths 14161 England, United Kingdom
Dorset Heaths (Purbeck and Wareham) and Studland Dunes 5491 England, United Kingdom
Essex Estuaries 114016 England, United Kingdom
Galichia Gora Zapovednik Ia 568 Lipetsk, Russia
Galloway Oakwoods 877 Scotland, United Kingdom
Great Smoky Mountains National Park II 515454 North Carolina, Tennessee, United States
Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site III 861 Pennsylvania, United States
Humber Estuary 90582 England, United Kingdom
Ingleborough Complex 14256 England, United Kingdom
Isle of Rum National Nature Reserve   Scotland, United Kingdom
Isle Royale Biosphere Reserve Ib 571799 Michigan, United States
Isles of Scilly Complex 66350 England, United Kingdom    
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 692723 Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Russia
Khopersky Zapovednik Ia 47103 Russia  
Lanín National Park II 536819 Neuquen, Argentina
Lands End and Cape Bank 74557 England, United Kingdom  
Lizard Point 34565 England, United Kingdom    
Lochs Duich, Long and Alsh Reefs 5883 Scotland, United Kingdom  
Los Alerces National Park II 463045 Chubut, Argentina  
Los Arrayanes National Park II   Neuquen, Argentina  
Luberon Regional Nature Park V 406572 France  
Luce Bay and Sands 120487 Scotland, United Kingdom
Lyme Bay and Torbay 77215 England, United Kingdom
Migneint–Arenig–Dduallt 49343 Wales, United Kingdom
Moray Firth 373987 Scotland, United Kingdom  
Morecambe Bay 151985 England, United Kingdom
Nahuel Huapi National Park II 759703 Argentina  
Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve 470167 Ontario, Canada  
North Norfolk Coast 7926 England, United Kingdom  
North Somerset and Mendip Bats 1387 England, United Kingdom
North York Moors 108930 England, United Kingdom
Pacific Rim National Park Reserve II 137900 British Columbia, Canada
Palava Protected Landscape Area V   Czech Republic  
Reserva de la Biosfera de Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve V 1777 Spain  
Reserve de la Biosphere des Vosges du Nord Biosphere Reserve 301469 France  
Salisbury Plain 52975 England, United Kingdom
Sefton Coast 11278 England, United Kingdom
Severn Estuary/ Môr Hafren 182155 England/Wales, United Kingdom
Shingle Islands 192 Scotland, United Kingdom
Solway Firth 107829 England/Scotland, United Kingdom
South Pennine Moors 160577 England, United Kingdom  
South Wight Maritime 49082 England, United Kingdom
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve 37548505 North Carolina, Tennessee, United States  
Taynish National Nature Reserve   Scotland, United Kingdom
The Wash and North Norfolk Coast 266284 England, United Kingdom
Valley Forge National Historical Park VI 3509 Pennsylvania, United States

Ecosystems

Predators

Acetropis gimmerthali <Unverified Name>[6]
Agromyza albipennis[6]
Agromyza nigrociliata[6]
Agromyza rondensis[6]
Aporophyla australis[6]
Berytinus hirticornis <Unverified Name>[6]
Brachmia rufescens <Unverified Name>[6]
Calameuta filiformis <Unverified Name>[6]
Capitophorus archangelskii afghani[6]
Capsus ater[6]
Cepaea nemoralis (grovesnail)[7]
Cercopis vulnerata (Black & Red Froghopper)[7]
Cerodontha pygmaea[6]
Chaetocnema hortensis <Unverified Name>[6]
Contarinia arrhenatheri[6]
Dicraeus vagans[6]
Dolerus niger <Unverified Name>[7]
Dolerus nitens <Unverified Name>[7]
Elachista argentella[6]
Elachista canapennella <Unverified Name>[6]
Elachista monosemiella <Unverified Name>[6]
Elachista pulchella[6]
Elachista rufocinerea[6]
Elachista subalbidella <Unverified Name>[6]
Eremobia ochroleuca (Dusky Sallow)[6]
Eriococcus glyceriae (grass felt scale)[8]
Eriococcus insignis (remarkable felt scale)[8]
Eriopeltis festucae (cottony grass scale)[8]
Euciodes suturalis[9]
Fonscolombia tomlinii <Unverified Name>[8]
Haplodiplosis marginata[6]
Helcystogramma rufescens[6]
Heterococcus nudus (naked grass-mealybug)[8]
Ischnodemus sabuleti <Unverified Name>[7]
Lasiocampa trifolii (Grass Eggar)[6]
Leptopterna dolabrata (meadow plant bug)[6]
Leptopterna ferrugata[6]
Liriomyza phryne[6]
Liriomyza pusio[6]
Megaloceraea recticornis <Unverified Name>[6]
Mesoligia furuncula (Cloaked Minor)[6]
Metopolophium albidum[6]
Metopolophium fasciatum[6]
Notostira elongata <Unverified Name>[6]
Oligia fasciuncula (Middle-barred Minor Moth)[7]
Orocrambus cyclopicus[9]
Ortheziola vejdovskyi (moss ensign scale)[8]
Oscinella frit (fruit fly)[6]
Palloptera quinquemaculata[6]
Peliococcus balteatus (girdled mealybug)[8]
Phenacoccus hordei (barley mealybug)[8]
Phytomyza fuscula <Unverified Name>[6]
Phytomyza nigra[6]
Puccinia coronata (Crown Rust)[7]
Puto superbus (superb mealybug)[8]
Rhizoecus albidus (white root-mealybug)[8]
Sipha kurdjumovi <Unverified Name>[6]
Stiphrosoma sabulosum[6]
Taiwanaphis niuginii[6]
Thricops semicinerea <Unverified Name>[6]
Thymelicus acteon (Lulworth Skipper)[6]
Thymelicus lineola (European skipper)[6]
Trionymus tomlini (guernsey grass mealybug)[8]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Puccinia coronata[7]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Svalbard Global Seed Vault

Distribution

Europe, W. Asia; North America; Oceania;

External References

USDA Plant Profile

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Govaerts R., 24-Oct-2006, WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Derived from Allergy-Free Gardening OPALS™, Thomas Leo Ogren (2000) ♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture ♦ 3PLANTATT - Attributes of British and Irish Plants: Status, Size, Life History, Geography and Habitats, M. O. Hill, C. D. Preston & D. B. Roy, Biological Records Centre, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2004) ♦ 4ECOFACT 2a Technical Annex - Ellenberg’s indicator values for British Plants, M O Hill, J O Mountford, D B Roy & R G H Bunce (1999) ♦ 5Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935 ♦ 6Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants ♦ 7Ecology of Commanster ♦ 8Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 9New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Plant-SyNZ™ database
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators. ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Images provided by Google Image Search
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by Svalbard Global Seed Vault, Norway Ministry of Agriculture and Food - February 2013