Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Galliformes > Phasianidae > Tetrao > Tetrao urogallus
 

Tetrao urogallus (Western Capercaillie)

Wikipedia Abstract

The Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), also known as the Wood Grouse, Heather Cock or Capercaillie  /ˌkæpərˈkeɪli/, is the largest member of the grouse family, reaching over 100 cm in length and 6.7 kg in weight. The largest recorded in captivity had a weight of 7.2 kg. (15.9 lbs). Found across Europe and Asia, it is renowned for its mating display.
View Wikipedia Record: Tetrao urogallus

Infraspecies

Tetrao urogallus aquitanicus
Tetrao urogallus cantabricus
Tetrao urogallus kureikensis
Tetrao urogallus major (Capercaillie)
Tetrao urogallus rudolfi
Tetrao urogallus taczanowskii
Tetrao urogallus uralensis
Tetrao urogallus urogallus (Capercaillie)
Tetrao urogallus volgensis

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  6.50 lbs (2.95 kg)
Birth Weight [2]  53 grams
Female Maturity [1]  3 years
Male Maturity [1]  3 years
Clutch Size [3]  7
Maximum Longevity [1]  18 years

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Map Climate Land
Use
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests Greece, Turkey, Macedonia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub  
Alps conifer and mixed forests Italy, France, Switzerland, Slovenia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Altai alpine meadow and tundra China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Altai montane forest and forest steppe China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Balkan mixed forests Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Baltic mixed forests Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Bering tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Caledon conifer forests United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Cantabrian mixed forests Spain, Portugal Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Carpathian montane forests Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Central European mixed forests Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Lithuania, Moldovia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests China, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, Yugoslavia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East European forest steppe Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Great Lakes Basin desert steppe Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Junggar Basin semi-desert China, Kazakstan, Mongolia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Kamchatka-Kurile taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Kazakh forest steppe Russia, Kazakhstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Kola Peninsula tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Manchurian mixed forests Republic of Korea, Dem. People's Rep of Korea, China, Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
North Atlantic moist mixed forests Ireland, United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Northeast Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests France, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Northwest Iberian montane forests Portugal, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Pannonian mixed forests Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Pindus Mountains mixed forests Albania, Greece Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests Spain, France, Andorra Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Rodope montane mixed forests Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sakhalin Island taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Sarmatic mixed forests Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Russia, Sweden Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Sayan Intermontane steppe Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Sayan montane conifer forests Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Scandinavian and Russian taiga Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Scandinavian coastal conifer forests Norway Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands Norway, Sweden, Finland Palearctic Tundra
Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
South Siberian forest steppe Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Trans-Baikal conifer forests Russia, Mongolia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Ural montane forests and tundra Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
West Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Western European broadleaf forests Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Western Siberian hemiboreal forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
ALTO SIL 108112 Spain  
Aigüestortes 138461 Spain  
Alam-Pedja 85235 Estonia  
Alt Pallars 190550 Spain  
Baikalskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik Ia 458883 Russia  
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park II 218515 Belarus
Berezinskiy Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 209113 Belarus  
Beskid Zywiecki 87169 Poland  
Beskydy 103048 Czech Republic  
Bieszczady 275571 Poland  
Blaikfjället 84446 Sweden  
Bory Dolnoslaskie 425252 Poland  
Cairngorms 142543 Scotland, United Kingdom
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve 144772 Ukraine  
Dainavos giria 138008 Lithuania  
Darvinsky Zapovednik Ia 278421 Yaroslavl, Vologda, Russia
Dolomiti Friulane 90787 Italy  
Dolomiti del Cadore e del Comelico 173952 Italy  
Drevfjällen 81958 Sweden  
Frostvikenfjällen 231768 Sweden  
Fuentes del Narcea y del Ibias 126128 Spain  
Fulufjället 100667 Sweden  
Gaujas nacionalais parks 227982 Latvia  
Gitsfjället 99170 Sweden  
Hautes vallées d'Aspe et d'Ossau 121620 France  
Horná Orava 145144 Slovakia  
Julijske Alpe 208928 Slovenia  
KALDOAIVIN ERÄMAA 868904 Finland  
KENTRIKI RODOPI KAI KOILADA NESTOU 261804 Greece  
KOITELAINEN 120928 Finland  
Katunsky Biosphere Reserve 393162 Altai, Russia
Kemeru nacionalais parks 94308 Latvia  
Kevo 176448 Finland  
Kostomukshsky Zapovednik Ia 117269 Karelia, Russia
Krkonose National Park V 95995 Czech Republic  
LEMMENJOEN KANSALLISPUISTO 706697 Finland  
Labanoro giria 131455 Lithuania  
Lagorai 114140 Italy  
Lahemaa 183898 Estonia  
Lake Torne Area Biosphere Reserve 238457 Sweden  
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve 757114 Russia  
Lasy Janowskie 148846 Poland  
Les Cévennes 227446 France  
Långfjället-Städjan-Nipfjället 231784 Sweden  
Malá Fatra 176505 Slovakia  
Merenkurkun saaristo 316695 Finland    
Moray Firth 373987 Scotland, United Kingdom  
Muddus 124105 Sweden  
Northern Karelian Biosphere Reserve 864869 Finland  
Nízke Tatry 239467 Slovakia  
Nürnberger Reichswald 94374 Germany  
Okskiy Biosphere Reserve 190748 Russia  
Ostoja Augustowska 264573 Poland  
Ostoja Popradzka 143151 Poland  
PAYS DE SAULT 176678 France  
PICOS DE EUROPA EN CASTILLA Y LEÓN 250408 Spain  
POMOKAIRA 228222 Finland  
POSETS - MALADETA 82205 Spain  
PULJUN ERÄMAA 139246 Finland  
Pallas-Ounastunturi 146845 Finland  
Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio National Park V 333737 Italy
Parco Regionale Orobie Bergamasche 121015 Italy  
Pechoro-Ilychskiy Biosphere Reserve 3098091 Russia  
Pessinki fjällurskog 240249 Sweden  
Pirin 99722 Bulgaria  
Po¾ana 93067 Slovakia  
Prepirineu Central català 141034 Spain  
Puszcza Augustowska 332055 Poland  
Puszcza Bialowieska 156041 Poland  
Puszcza Solska 196076 Poland  
PÖYRISJÄRVEN ERÄMAA 362835 Finland  
Redes 93413 Spain  
Reserva de Ordesa-Vinamala Biosphere Reserve 127002 Spain  
Reserve de la Biosphere des Vosges du Nord Biosphere Reserve 301469 France  
Retezat National Park II 94183 Romania
Rila 200269 Bulgaria  
Rogen 121145 Sweden  
Saaristomeri 147873 Finland    
Sayano-Shushenskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 964620 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Sjaunja 695284 Sweden  
Skäckerfjällen 114283 Sweden  
Snežnik - Pivka 119901 Slovenia  
Soomaa 98925 Estonia  
Strážovské vrchy 147080 Slovakia  
Sumava 240910 Czech Republic  
Sumava Biosphere Reserve 412955 Czech Republic  
Tammisaaren ja Hangon saariston ja Pohjanpitäjänlahden merensuojelualue 130052 Finland  
Tatry 135018 Slovakia  
Trigrad-Mursalitsa 136717 Bulgaria  
Tsentral'no-Sibirskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 2521510 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
UK-PUISTO-SOMPIO-KEMIHAARA 765461 Finland  
Ubiña-La Mesa 97094 Spain  
Ubsunurskaya Kotlovina (Ubsunur Depression) Zapovednik Ia 798640 Tuva, Russia
Vakarine Aukstaitijos nacionalinio parko dalis 86499 Lithuania  
Ve¾ká Fatra 149348 Slovakia  
Vindelfjällen 1370631 Sweden  
Volovské vrchy 316267 Slovakia  
Vålådalen 299933 Sweden  
Western Balkan 362801 Bulgaria  
Zapadni Rodopi 178482 Bulgaria  

Important Bird Areas

BirdLife Species Factsheet: View Factsheet
Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Map   Climate   Land Use 
Abernethy Forest United Kingdom A1, B1i, B2, C1, C3, C6
Agusalu Estonia C6  
Ancares mountains Spain B2, C6
Areta, Archuba and Zariquieta mountain ranges Spain A4ii, B1iii, B2, C2, C6
Augustów forest Poland C6
Ötscher-Dürrenstein Austria B2, C6
Babia-Somiedo Spain A3, B1iii, B2, B3, C2, C6
Belagua-Ansó-Hecho Spain B1iii, B2, C2, C6
Belluno Dolomites Italy A1, B2, C1, C6
Beskid Zywiecki Mountains Poland C6
Beskydy mountains Czech Republic A1, B2, B3, C1, C6
Bicaz gorge and Hăşmaş Mountains Romania C6
Big and Small Akh lakes Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Big Indra lake Russia (Central Asian) A3
Boumort mountains Spain B1iii, B2, C2, C6
Bystroistokskaya Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3, A4i
Cadí mountains Spain B1iv, B2, C5, C6
Cairngorms United Kingdom A1, B2, C1, C2, C6
Carniche Alps Italy B2, C6
Călimani Mountains Romania C6
Ceahlă Mountains Romania C6
Central ranges of the Cantabric mountains Spain B2, C6  
Cerdaña Spain B2, C6
Ciuc Depression Romania C1, C6
Defileul Superior al Mureşului Romania C6
Degaña-Hermo Spain C6
Dikoye and Epanchino lakes Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Dobrostan Bulgaria A1, A3, B2, B3, C1, C6
Dolomites Italy A3, C6
Dresvyanskaya Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
East slope of Northern Ural Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Färnebofjärden Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C6
Flood-plain of Tuy river Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Florarna Sweden B3, C6
Forêt d'altitude du Jura : forêt du Risoux France B3, C6
Forêts d'altitude du Jura : forêt du Massacre France B3, C6
Forêts d'altitude du Jura : forêt du Risol et Mont d'Or France B3, C6
Frumoasa Romania C6
Gistaín-Cotiella Spain B2, C6
Gistreo and Coto mountain ranges Spain B2, B3, C6
Giurgeu Depression Romania C1, C6
Glen Tanar United Kingdom A1, B2, C1, C6
Gorce mountains Poland C6
Hanveden-Hemfosa Sweden B2, C6
Haut Giffre France B2, C6
Haute chaîne du Jura: défilé de l'écluse, Etournel et Mont Vuache France A4iv, B1iv, B2, C5, C6
Haute Soule : massif de la Pierre-St-Martin. France B2, C2, C6
Hautes Vallées d'Aspe et d'Ossau France B1iii, B2, C2, C6
Istochnoye, Sredneye and Schuchiye lakes Russia (Central Asian) A3
Janów forests Poland C6
Kõrvemaa Estonia C6
Kikepera Estonia C6
Kinveachy Forest United Kingdom A1, B2, C1, C6
Kondinskiye lakes Russia (Central Asian) A3, A4i
Korgonskaya Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Kurkure mountain Russia (Central Asian) A3, A4i
Kuznetski Alatau Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3, A4i
Lake Ånnsjön-Storlien Sweden A1, A3, A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6
Lemmenjoki-Hammastunturi-Pulju Finland A3, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Loch Lomond United Kingdom C6
Lower Silesia Forests Poland C1, C6
Massif des Vosges : crêtes de Schneeberg au Donon France C6
Massif des Vosges: Hautes Vosges France B2, B3, C6
Massif du Canigou-Carança France A4iv, B1iv, B2, B3, C5, C6
Massif du Madres et Mont Coronat France B2, C6
Molebny Kamen' ridge Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Monteixo-L'Orri-Tornafort Spain B2, C6
Mount Grappa Italy A1, B1iv, B2, C1, C5, C6
Muddus Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C3, C6
Muniellos Spain C6
Muraka Estonia C6  
Ordesa-Bielsa Spain A3, B2, C6
Ozersky pine forest Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Paradise Valley mountain plateau Kazakhstan A1, A3
Parc National des Cévennes France B2, B3, C6
Peña Labra and Cordel mountain ranges Spain B2, B3, C6
Persenk Bulgaria B2, C6
Picos de Europa mountain range Spain A3, B1iii, B2, B3, C2, C6  
Pirin Bulgaria A3, B2, B3, C6
Polica Mountain Range Poland C6
Posets-Maladeta Spain A3, B2, C6
Poyasovy Kamen' ridge Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Puig Carlit et environs France B2, B3, C2, C6
Retezat Mountains Romania C6
Riaño Spain B2, B3, C2, C6  
Rila Bulgaria A3, B2, B3, C6
Rodnei Mountains Romania C6
Russkoye lake Russia (Central Asian) A3
Saariselkä and Koilliskaira Finland A3, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
San Mauricio-Bohí-Beret Spain A3, B2, C2, C6
Sjöängen: Svartån Sweden A1, B2, C1, C6
Slavyanka Mountain Bulgaria C6
Solska Forest Poland C1, C6
Stelvio National Park Italy A3, B2, C6
Sumava mountains (Bohemian forest) Czech Republic A1, B2, B3, C1, C6
Taarikõnnu-Kaisma Estonia C6
Tarvisio Forest Italy B2, B3, C6
Tatra mountains Poland C6
Teletskoye lake Russia (Central Asian) A3, A4i
Trigrad-Mursalitsa Bulgaria A1, B2, B3, C1, C6
Turbón-Espés-Sis Spain B2, B3, C2, C6
Vallées du Lis et de la Pique France B2, C6
Vizhay river Russia (Central Asian) A3
Vrancea Mountains Romania C6
Watershed of the Mulym'ya and Bolshoy Tap rivers Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3, A4i
Western Balkan Bulgaria A1, A3, B2, B3, C1, C6
Western Rhodopes Bulgaria B3, C6
Yel'tsovskaya Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3
Zapovednik "Denezhkin Kamen'" Russia (Central Asian) A1, A3

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website Map
Mediterranean Basin Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey No

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Amidostomoides acutum <Unverified Name>[4]
Aonchotheca alpina <Unverified Name>[4]
Aonchotheca bursata <Unverified Name>[4]
Aonchotheca caudinflata <Unverified Name>[4]
Ascaridia compar <Unverified Name>[4]
Ascaridia galli[4]
Baruscapillaria obsignata <Unverified Name>[4]
Capillaria caudinflata <Unverified Name>[4]
Cyrnea apterocerca <Unverified Name>[4]
Echinolepis carioca[4]
Eucoleus annulatus <Unverified Name>[4]
Eucoleus dispar <Unverified Name>[4]
Heterakis gallinarum[4]
Hymenolepis microps <Unverified Name>[4]
Hymenolepis tetraonis <Unverified Name>[4]
Ornithofilaria papillocerca <Unverified Name>[4]
Ornithofilaria tuvensis <Unverified Name>[4]
Oxyspirura schulzi <Unverified Name>[4]
Paradicranotaenia tumens <Unverified Name>[4]
Prosthogonimus cuneatus[4]
Prosthogonimus ovatus[4]
Pterothominx blomei <Unverified Name>[4]
Pterothominx wavilovoi <Unverified Name>[4]
Raillietina echinobothrida <Unverified Name>[4]
Raillietina urogalli <Unverified Name>[4]
Seurocyrnea lyruri <Unverified Name>[4]
Skrjabinia globocaudata <Unverified Name>[4]
Splendidofilaria tuvensis <Unverified Name>[4]
Splendidofilaria urogalli <Unverified Name>[4]
Subulura brumpti <Unverified Name>[4]
Subulura differens <Unverified Name>[4]
Syngamus trachea (gapeworm)[4]
Tetraonetta urogalli <Unverified Name>[4]
Thominx contorta <Unverified Name>[4]
Thominx perforans <Unverified Name>[4]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Alpenzoo Innsbruck - Tirol
Highland Wildlife Park
Kristiansand Dyrepark ASA
Moscow Zoological Park
Parc Animalier de Sainte Croix
Parc des Oiseaux
Permskii Zoologicheskii Sad
Tierpark Dählhölzlimajor
Wilhelma Zoo
Yokohama Zool. Gardens
Zoo de Santillana y Parque Cuaternario
Zoo Decin - Pastyrska Stena
Zoological Garden Prague

Range Map

Link to Map
Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China);

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Peterson A.P., 08-Jun-2005, ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 3Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 4Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 gis.wwfus.org/wildfinder
Protected Areas provided by Natura 2000, UK data: © Crown copyright and database right [2010] All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100017955 ♦ Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators. ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Biodiversity Hotspots, Conservation International
Important Bird Areas provided by BirdLife International (2010) Important Bird Areas. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/12/2010
Images provided by Google Image Search
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Range map provided by BirdLife International (2011) Bird species distribution maps of the world.
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by International Species Information System - May 2011